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Hydrologiska ensembleprognoser
SMHI, Research Department, Hydrology.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1986-8374
SMHI, Research Department, Hydrology.
SMHI, Professional Services.
SMHI, Professional Services.
2006 (Swedish)Report (Other academic)
Abstract [sv]

Sedan juli 2004 finns ett operationellt system för hydrologiska ensembleprognoser vid SMHI. Systemet använder meteorologiska ensembleprognoser för nederbörd och temperatur från ECMWF som indata till HBV-modellen, vilket genererar en ensemble av flödesprognoser. I denna rapport beskrivs inledningsvis detta system, kallat EPS (ensemble prediction system), tillsammans med några allmänna egenskaper hos prognoserna. Vissa förberedande analyser görs av dels de meteorologiska prognoserna från ECMWF, dels EPS vårflödesprognoser. Huvuddelen av rapporten är en utvärdering av 18 månaders 9-dygns hydrologiska ensembleprognoser i 45 avrinningsområden i Sverige. I den deterministiska utvärderingen jämförs EPS medianprognos med den kategoriska PMP prognosen. Resultaten visar på en likartad tillförlitlighet i de båda prognostyperna. Det visas också att EPS-prognosernas spridning är kopplad till prognosfelet. I den sannolikhetsbaserade utvärderingen undersöks noggrannheten av sannolikheter beräknade från EPS-spridningen. En percentilbaserad utvärdering visar att spridningen är underskattad. En tröskelbaserad utvärdering visar att sannolikheten att flödet överstiger en hög tröskelnivå är överskattad. Avslutningsvis utvecklas och testas en enkel metod för att korrigera EPS-spridningen, samt diskuteras olika sätt att presentera EPS prognoser.

Abstract [en]

Since July 2004, a system for hydrological ensemble forecasting has been operational at SMHI. The system uses meteorological ensemble forecasts of precipitation and temperature from ECMWF as input to the hydrological HBV model, which generates an ensemble of discharge forecasts. In this report, the hydrological ensemble prediction system (EPS) is firstly described, along with some general features of the forecasts. Some preparatory analyses of the ECMWF meteorological forecasts and spring flood EPS forecasts are made. The main part of the report is an evaluation of 18 months of 9-day hydrological ensemble forecasts in 45 Swedish catchments. In the deterministic evaluation, the EPS median forecast is compared with the categorical PMP forecast. The results indicate an overall similar performance of the two forecast types. It is also shown that the spread of the EPS forecasts is related to the forecast error. In the probabilistic evaluation, the accuracy of probabilities calculated from the EPS spread is investigated. A percentile-based evaluation shows that the spread is underestimated. A threshold-based evaluation shows that the probability of exceeding some high discharge threshold level is overestimated. Finally, a simple method to correct the EPS spread is developed and tested, and different ways to present EPS forecasts are discussed.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
SMHI , 2006. , p. 63
Series
RH, Report Hydrology, ISSN 0283-1104 ; 21
Keywords [sv]
Ensembleprognoser, EPS, sannolikhetsprognoser, flödesprognoser.
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:smhi:diva-2638Local ID: Hydrologi, Rapporter, Serie RHOAI: oai:DiVA.org:smhi-2638DiVA, id: diva2:947933
Available from: 2006-12-21 Created: 2016-07-08 Last updated: 2016-07-08Bibliographically approved

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Olsson, JonasLindström, GöranJohnell, AnnaJacobsson, Karin

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CiteExportLink to record
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Citation style
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